Metal is charged into the cupel, melted by gas-fired burner, and oxygen is blown through the molten bath of metal. Oxygen combines with the lead to form litharge (PbO), which is then poured off the top of the residual metal. Lead is converted to litharge until such time as the silver is 98%+ purity. The silver is poured, weighed, and sampled and transferred to the electrolytic refinery.

The litharge is recycled to the Blast Furnace.

The cupel furnace gasses, laden with metallurgical fumes, are ducted to a dry, fabric bag filter plant, before discharging through a 35 metre stack to atmosphere.

Fume and dusts are removed by the filter, mixed in water tanks, and combined with the slurry produced in the blast furnace bag filter. The dusts are recycled to the blast furnace.

Emissions to atmosphere are continuously monitored by a particulate monitor and data logged onto computer.

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